Renesas Electronics America Produtos

2SK3430-Z-E1-AZ

Renesas Electronics America

MOSFET N-CH 40V 80A TO220AB

• FET Type: N-Channel
• Technology: MOSFET (Metal Oxide)
• Drain to Source Voltage (Vdss): 40V
• Current - Continuous Drain (Id) @ 25°C: 80A (Tc)
• Drive Voltage (Max Rds On, Min Rds On): 4V, 10V
• Vgs(th) (Max) @ Id: -
• Gate Charge (Qg) (Max) @ Vgs: 50nC @ 10V
• Input Capacitance (Ciss) (Max) @ Vds: 2800pF @ 10V
• Vgs (Max): ±20V
• FET Feature: -
• Power Dissipation (Max): 1.5W (Ta), 84W (Tc)
• Rds On (Max) @ Id, Vgs: 7.3 mOhm @ 40A, 10V
• Operating Temperature: 150°C (TJ)
• Mounting Type: Through Hole
• Supplier Device Package: TO-220AB
• Package / Case: TO-220-3

pacote: TO-220-3

HAT2266H-EL-E

Renesas Electronics America

MOSFET N-CH 60V 30A LFPAK

• FET Type: N-Channel
• Technology: MOSFET (Metal Oxide)
• Drain to Source Voltage (Vdss): 60V
• Current - Continuous Drain (Id) @ 25°C: 30A (Ta)
• Drive Voltage (Max Rds On, Min Rds On): 4.5V, 10V
• Vgs(th) (Max) @ Id: 2.5V @ 1mA
• Gate Charge (Qg) (Max) @ Vgs: 25nC @ 4.5V
• Input Capacitance (Ciss) (Max) @ Vds: 3600pF @ 10V
• Vgs (Max): ±20V
• FET Feature: -
• Power Dissipation (Max): 23W (Tc)
• Rds On (Max) @ Id, Vgs: 12 mOhm @ 15A, 10V
• Operating Temperature: 150°C (TJ)
• Mounting Type: Surface Mount
• Supplier Device Package: LFPAK
• Package / Case: SC-100, SOT-669

pacote: SC-100, SOT-669

DF36012FTV

Renesas Electronics America

IC MCU 16BIT 16KB FLASH 48VQFN

• Core Processor: H8/300H
• Core Size: 16-Bit
• Speed: 20MHz
• Connectivity: SCI
• Peripherals: PWM, WDT
• Number of I/O: 30
• Program Memory Size: 16KB (16K x 8)
• Program Memory Type: FLASH
• EEPROM Size: -
• RAM Size: 2K x 8
• Voltage - Supply (Vcc/Vdd): 3 V ~ 5.5 V
• Data Converters: A/D 4x10b
• Oscillator Type: Internal
• Operating Temperature: -20°C ~ 75°C (TA)
• Mounting Type: -
• Package / Case: 48-VFQFN
• Supplier Device Package: 48-VQFN (7x7)

pacote: 48-VFQFN

R7S910006CBG#AC0

Renesas Electronics America

IC MCU 32BIT ROMLESS 320FBGA

• Core Processor: ARM? Cortex?-R4F
• Core Size: 32-Bit
• Speed: 450MHz
• Connectivity: CAN, CSI, EBI/EMI, Ethernet, I2C, SPI, UART/USART, USB
• Peripherals: DMA, POR, PWM, WDT
• Number of I/O: 209
• Program Memory Size: -
• Program Memory Type: ROMless
• EEPROM Size: -
• RAM Size: 1.5M x 8
• Voltage - Supply (Vcc/Vdd): 1.14 V ~ 3.6 V
• Data Converters: A/D 24x12b
• Oscillator Type: Internal
• Operating Temperature: -40°C ~ 125°C (TA)
• Mounting Type: -
• Package / Case: 320-FBGA
• Supplier Device Package: 320-FBGA (17x17)

pacote: 320-FBGA

M30290FCVHP#U7A

Renesas Electronics America

IC MCU 16BIT 128KB FLASH 80LQFP

• Core Processor: M16C/60
• Core Size: 16-Bit
• Speed: 16MHz
• Connectivity: CAN, I2C, IEBus, SIO, UART/USART
• Peripherals: DMA, POR, PWM, Voltage Detect, WDT
• Number of I/O: 71
• Program Memory Size: 128KB (128K x 8)
• Program Memory Type: FLASH
• EEPROM Size: -
• RAM Size: 12K x 8
• Voltage - Supply (Vcc/Vdd): 4.2 V ~ 5.5 V
• Data Converters: A/D 27x10b
• Oscillator Type: Internal
• Operating Temperature: -40°C ~ 125°C (TA)
• Mounting Type: -
• Package / Case: 80-LQFP
• Supplier Device Package: 80-LQFP (12x12)

pacote: 80-LQFP

DS70850AD80FPV

Renesas Electronics America

IC MCU 32BIT ROMLESS 144LFQFP

• Core Processor: SH-2
• Core Size: 32-Bit
• Speed: 80MHz
• Connectivity: EBI/EMI, FIFO, I2C, SCI, SSU
• Peripherals: DMA, POR, PWM, WDT
• Number of I/O: 100
• Program Memory Size: -
• Program Memory Type: ROMless
• EEPROM Size: -
• RAM Size: 16K x 8
• Voltage - Supply (Vcc/Vdd): 3 V ~ 5.5 V
• Data Converters: A/D 8x10b
• Oscillator Type: External
• Operating Temperature: -40°C ~ 85°C (TA)
• Mounting Type: -
• Package / Case: 144-LQFP
• Supplier Device Package: 144-LFQFP (20x20)

pacote: 144-LQFP

R4F24568NFQV

Renesas Electronics America

IC MCU 16BIT 256KB FLASH 144QFP

• Core Processor: H8S/2600
• Core Size: 16-Bit
• Speed: 32MHz
• Connectivity: EBI/EMI, I2C, IrDA, SCI, SSU, UART/USART, USB
• Peripherals: DMA, POR, PWM, WDT
• Number of I/O: 96
• Program Memory Size: 256KB (256K x 8)
• Program Memory Type: FLASH
• EEPROM Size: -
• RAM Size: 48K x 8
• Voltage - Supply (Vcc/Vdd): 4.5 V ~ 5.5 V
• Data Converters: A/D 16x10b; D/A 2x8b
• Oscillator Type: External
• Operating Temperature: -20°C ~ 75°C (TA)
• Mounting Type: -
• Package / Case: 144-LQFP
• Supplier Device Package: 144-LFQFP (20x20)

pacote: 144-LQFP

UPD78F1502AGK-GAK-AX

Renesas Electronics America

IC MCU 16BIT 128KB FLASH 80LQFP

• Core Processor: 78K/0R
• Core Size: 16-Bit
• Speed: 20MHz
• Connectivity: CSI, I2C, LIN, UART/USART
• Peripherals: DMA, LCD, LVD, POR, PWM, WDT
• Number of I/O: 46
• Program Memory Size: 128KB (128K x 8)
• Program Memory Type: FLASH
• EEPROM Size: -
• RAM Size: 7K x 8
• Voltage - Supply (Vcc/Vdd): 1.8 V ~ 5.5 V
• Data Converters: A/D 8x12b, D/A 2x12b
• Oscillator Type: Internal
• Operating Temperature: -40°C ~ 85°C (TA)
• Mounting Type: -
• Package / Case: 80-LQFP
• Supplier Device Package: -

pacote: 80-LQFP

R5F562T7DDFP#V1

Renesas Electronics America

IC MCU 32BIT 128KB FLASH 144QFP

• Core Processor: RX
• Core Size: 32-Bit
• Speed: 100MHz
• Connectivity: I2C, LIN, SCI, SPI
• Peripherals: DMA, LVD, POR, PWM, WDT
• Number of I/O: 55
• Program Memory Size: 128KB (128K x 8)
• Program Memory Type: FLASH
• EEPROM Size: -
• RAM Size: 8K x 8
• Voltage - Supply (Vcc/Vdd): 4 V ~ 5.5 V
• Data Converters: A/D 12x10b, 8x12b
• Oscillator Type: Internal
• Operating Temperature: -40°C ~ 85°C (TA)
• Mounting Type: -
• Package / Case: 144-LQFP
• Supplier Device Package: 144-LFQFP (20x20)

pacote: 144-LQFP

UPD78F1142AF1-AN1-A

Renesas Electronics America

IC MCU 16BIT 64KB FLASH 64BGA

• Core Processor: 78K/0R
• Core Size: 16-Bit
• Speed: 20MHz
• Connectivity: 3-Wire SIO, I2C, LIN, UART/USART
• Peripherals: DMA, LVD, POR, PWM, WDT
• Number of I/O: 50
• Program Memory Size: 64KB (64K x 8)
• Program Memory Type: FLASH
• EEPROM Size: -
• RAM Size: 4K x 8
• Voltage - Supply (Vcc/Vdd): 1.8 V ~ 5.5 V
• Data Converters: A/D 8x10b
• Oscillator Type: Internal
• Operating Temperature: -40°C ~ 85°C (TA)
• Mounting Type: -
• Package / Case: 64-VFBGA
• Supplier Device Package: -

pacote: 64-VFBGA

UPD78F0452GB-GAH-AX

Renesas Electronics America

IC MCU 8BIT 24KB FLASH 64LQFP

• Core Processor: 78K/0
• Core Size: 8-Bit
• Speed: 10MHz
• Connectivity: 3-Wire SIO, LIN, UART/USART
• Peripherals: LCD, LVD, POR, PWM, WDT
• Number of I/O: 46
• Program Memory Size: 24KB (24K x 8)
• Program Memory Type: FLASH
• EEPROM Size: -
• RAM Size: 1K x 8
• Voltage - Supply (Vcc/Vdd): 1.8 V ~ 5.5 V
• Data Converters: A/D 8x10b
• Oscillator Type: Internal
• Operating Temperature: -40°C ~ 85°C (TA)
• Mounting Type: -
• Package / Case: 64-TQFP
• Supplier Device Package: -

pacote: 64-TQFP

R5F21336CDFP#50

Renesas Electronics America

IC MCU 16BIT 32KB FLASH 32LQFP

• Core Processor: R8C
• Core Size: 16-Bit
• Speed: 20MHz
• Connectivity: I2C, LIN, SIO, SSU, UART/USART
• Peripherals: POR, PWM, Voltage Detect, WDT
• Number of I/O: 27
• Program Memory Size: 32KB (32K x 8)
• Program Memory Type: FLASH
• EEPROM Size: -
• RAM Size: 2.5K x 8
• Voltage - Supply (Vcc/Vdd): 1.8 V ~ 5.5 V
• Data Converters: A/D 12x10b; D/A 2x8b
• Oscillator Type: Internal
• Operating Temperature: -40°C ~ 85°C (TA)
• Mounting Type: -
• Package / Case: 32-LQFP
• Supplier Device Package: 32-LQFP (7x7)

pacote: 32-LQFP

R7FS5D97E3A01CFB#AA0

Renesas Electronics America

IC MCU 32BIT 2MB FLASH 114LQFP

• Core Processor: ARM? Cortex?-M4
• Core Size: 32-Bit
• Speed: 120MHz
• Connectivity: CAN, EBI/EMI, Ethernet, I2C, IrDA, MMC/SD, QSPI, SCI, SPI, SSI, UART/USART, USB
• Peripherals: DMA, LVD, POR, PWM, WDT
• Number of I/O: 110
• Program Memory Size: 2MB (2M x 8)
• Program Memory Type: FLASH
• EEPROM Size: 64K x 8
• RAM Size: 640K x 8
• Voltage - Supply (Vcc/Vdd): 2.7 V ~ 3.6 V
• Data Converters: A/D 22x12b, D/A 2x12b
• Oscillator Type: Internal
• Operating Temperature: -40°C ~ 105°C (TA)
• Mounting Type: -
• Package / Case: 144-LQFP
• Supplier Device Package: 144-LQFP (20x20)

pacote: 144-LQFP

M3062LFGPGP#U9C

Renesas Electronics America

IC MCU 16BIT 256KB FLASH 100QFP

• Core Processor: M16C/60
• Core Size: 16-Bit
• Speed: 20MHz
• Connectivity: I2C, IEBus, UART/USART
• Peripherals: DMA, WDT
• Number of I/O: 85
• Program Memory Size: 256KB (256K x 8)
• Program Memory Type: FLASH
• EEPROM Size: -
• RAM Size: 20K x 8
• Voltage - Supply (Vcc/Vdd): 2.7 V ~ 5.5 V
• Data Converters: A/D 26x10b; D/A 2x8b
• Oscillator Type: Internal
• Operating Temperature: -20°C ~ 85°C (TA)
• Mounting Type: -
• Package / Case: 100-LQFP
• Supplier Device Package: 100-LFQFP (14x14)

pacote: 100-LQFP

EL5001IRE-T7

Renesas Electronics America

IC CLOCK DRIVER 6-CHAN 20-HTSSOP

• PLL: No
• Main Purpose: LTPS LCD Clock Drivers
• Input: CMOS, TTL
• Output: -
• Number of Circuits: 1
• Ratio - Input:Output: 6:6
• Differential - Input:Output: Yes/No
• Frequency - Max: -
• Voltage - Supply: 3.3V
• Operating Temperature: -40°C ~ 85°C
• Mounting Type: Surface Mount
• Package / Case: 20-TSSOP (0.173", 4.40mm Width) Exposed Pad
• Supplier Device Package: 20-HTSSOP

pacote: 20-TSSOP (0.173", 4.40mm Width) Exposed Pad

EL7520AILZ-T13

Renesas Electronics America

IC CTRLR DC/DC 4-CHAN 20-QFN

• Applications: Controller, TFT LCD
• Voltage - Input: 3 V ~ 5.5 V
• Number of Outputs: 4
• Voltage - Output: -
• Operating Temperature: -40°C ~ 85°C
• Mounting Type: Surface Mount
• Package / Case: 20-VFQFN Exposed Pad
• Supplier Device Package: 20-QFN-EP (4x4)

pacote: 20-VFQFN Exposed Pad

ISL97516IUZ

Renesas Electronics America

IC REG BOOST ADJ 1.7A 8MSOP

• Function: Step-Up
• Output Configuration: Positive
• Topology: Boost
• Output Type: Adjustable
• Number of Outputs: 1
• Voltage - Input (Min): 2.3V
• Voltage - Input (Max): 5.5V
• Voltage - Output (Min/Fixed): 5V
• Voltage - Output (Max): 25V
• Current - Output: 1.7A (Switch)
• Frequency - Switching: 620kHz, 1.25MHz
• Synchronous Rectifier: No
• Operating Temperature: -40°C ~ 85°C (TA)
• Mounting Type: Surface Mount
• Package / Case: 8-TSSOP, 8-MSOP (0.118", 3.00mm Width)
• Supplier Device Package: 8-MSOP

pacote: 8-TSSOP, 8-MSOP (0.118", 3.00mm Width)

EL7202CN

Renesas Electronics America

IC DVR HS DUAL MOSFET 8DIP

• Driven Configuration: Low-Side
• Channel Type: Independent
• Number of Drivers: 2
• Gate Type: N-Channel, P-Channel MOSFET
• Voltage - Supply: 4.5 V ~ 15 V
• Logic Voltage - VIL, VIH: 0.8V, 2.4V
• Current - Peak Output (Source, Sink): 2A, 2A
• Input Type: Non-Inverting
• High Side Voltage - Max (Bootstrap): -
• Rise / Fall Time (Typ): 7.5ns, 10ns
• Operating Temperature: -40°C ~ 125°C (TJ)
• Mounting Type: Through Hole
• Package / Case: 8-DIP (0.300", 7.62mm)
• Supplier Device Package: 8-PDIP

pacote: 8-DIP (0.300", 7.62mm)

X9408YV24ZT1

Renesas Electronics America

IC XDCP QUAD 64-TAP 2.5K 24TSSOP

• Taper: Linear
• Configuration: Potentiometer
• Number of Circuits: 4
• Number of Taps: 64
• Resistance (Ohms): 2.5k
• Interface: I²C
• Memory Type: Non-Volatile
• Voltage - Supply: ±5V
• Features: Selectable Address
• Tolerance: ±20%
• Temperature Coefficient (Typ): ±300 ppm/°C
• Resistance - Wiper (Ohms) (Typ): 40
• Operating Temperature: 0°C ~ 70°C
• Package / Case: 24-TSSOP (0.173", 4.40mm Width)
• Supplier Device Package: 24-TSSOP

pacote: 24-TSSOP (0.173", 4.40mm Width)

X9260TS24T1

Renesas Electronics America

IC XDCP DUAL 256TAP 100K 24-SOIC

• Taper: Linear
• Configuration: Potentiometer
• Number of Circuits: 2
• Number of Taps: 256
• Resistance (Ohms): 100k
• Interface: SPI
• Memory Type: Non-Volatile
• Voltage - Supply: ±5V
• Features: Selectable Address
• Tolerance: ±20%
• Temperature Coefficient (Typ): ±300 ppm/°C
• Resistance - Wiper (Ohms) (Typ): 100
• Operating Temperature: 0°C ~ 70°C
• Package / Case: 24-SOIC (0.295", 7.50mm Width)
• Supplier Device Package: 24-SOIC

pacote: 24-SOIC (0.295", 7.50mm Width)

HI5746KCA

Renesas Electronics America

IC ADC 10-BIT 40MSPS 28-SSOP

• Number of Bits: 10
• Sampling Rate (Per Second): 40M
• Number of Inputs: 1
• Input Type: Differential, Single Ended
• Data Interface: Parallel
• Configuration: S/H-ADC
• Ratio - S/H:ADC: 1:1
• Number of A/D Converters: 1
• Architecture: Pipelined
• Reference Type: External
• Voltage - Supply, Analog: 5V
• Voltage - Supply, Digital: 5V
• Features: -
• Operating Temperature: 0°C ~ 70°C
• Package / Case: 28-SSOP (0.154", 3.90mm Width)
• Supplier Device Package: 28-SSOP/QSOP
• Mounting Type: -

pacote: 28-SSOP (0.154", 3.90mm Width)

X5168V14I-2.7A

Renesas Electronics America

IC SUPERVISOR CPU 16K EE 14TSSOP

• Type: Simple Reset/Power-On Reset
• Number of Voltages Monitored: 1
• Output: Open Drain or Open Collector
• Reset: Active Low
• Reset Timeout: 100 ms Minimum
• Voltage - Threshold: 2.93V
• Operating Temperature: -40°C ~ 85°C (TA)
• Mounting Type: Surface Mount
• Package / Case: 14-TSSOP (0.173", 4.40mm Width)
• Supplier Device Package: 14-TSSOP

pacote: 14-TSSOP (0.173", 4.40mm Width)

ISL88002IE22Z-T7A

Renesas Electronics America

IC VOLT SUPERVISOR 2.19V SC70-3

• Type: Simple Reset/Power-On Reset
• Number of Voltages Monitored: 1
• Output: Open Drain or Open Collector
• Reset: Active Low
• Reset Timeout: 140 ms Minimum
• Voltage - Threshold: 2.19V
• Operating Temperature: -40°C ~ 85°C (TA)
• Mounting Type: Surface Mount
• Package / Case: SC-70, SOT-323
• Supplier Device Package: SC-70-3

pacote: SC-70, SOT-323

ISL12028IVZ

Renesas Electronics America

IC RTC CLK/CALENDAR I2C 14-TSSOP

• Type: Clock/Calendar
• Features: Alarm, Leap Year, Supervisor, Watchdog Timer
• Memory Size: -
• Time Format: HH:MM:SS (12/24 hr)
• Date Format: YY-MM-DD-dd
• Interface: I²C, 2-Wire Serial
• Voltage - Supply: 2.7 V ~ 5.5 V
• Voltage - Supply, Battery: 1.8 V ~ 5.5 V
• Current - Timekeeping (Max): 10µA ~ 20µA @ 2.7V ~ 5.5V
• Operating Temperature: -40°C ~ 85°C
• Mounting Type: Surface Mount
• Package / Case: 14-TSSOP (0.173", 4.40mm Width)
• Supplier Device Package: 14-TSSOP

pacote: 14-TSSOP (0.173", 4.40mm Width)

EL5362IU-T13

Renesas Electronics America

IC OPAMP CFA 500MHZ 16QSOP

• Amplifier Type: Current Feedback
• Number of Circuits: 3
• Output Type: -
• Slew Rate: 2500 V/µs
• Gain Bandwidth Product: -
• -3db Bandwidth: 500MHz
• Current - Input Bias: 2µA
• Voltage - Input Offset: 1.5mV
• Current - Supply: 1.5mA
• Current - Output / Channel: -
• Voltage - Supply, Single/Dual (±): 5 V ~ 12 V, ±2.5 V ~ 6 V
• Operating Temperature: -40°C ~ 85°C
• Mounting Type: Surface Mount
• Package / Case: 16-SSOP (0.154", 3.90mm Width)
• Supplier Device Package: 16-QSOP

pacote: 16-SSOP (0.154", 3.90mm Width)

EL5104ISZ-T13

Renesas Electronics America

IC OPAMP VFB 700MHZ 8SOIC

• Amplifier Type: Voltage Feedback
• Number of Circuits: 1
• Output Type: -
• Slew Rate: 3000 V/µs
• Gain Bandwidth Product: -
• -3db Bandwidth: 700MHz
• Current - Input Bias: 8µA
• Voltage - Input Offset: 3mV
• Current - Supply: 9.5mA
• Current - Output / Channel: 160mA
• Voltage - Supply, Single/Dual (±): 4 V ~ 13.2 V, ±2 V ~ 6.6 V
• Operating Temperature: -40°C ~ 85°C
• Mounting Type: Surface Mount
• Package / Case: 8-SOIC (0.154", 3.90mm Width)
• Supplier Device Package: 8-SOIC

pacote: 8-SOIC (0.154", 3.90mm Width)

ISL28133FHZ-T7A

Renesas Electronics America

IC OPAMP CHOPPER 400KHZ SOT23-5

• Amplifier Type: Zero-Drift
• Number of Circuits: 1
• Output Type: Rail-to-Rail
• Slew Rate: 0.2 V/µs
• Gain Bandwidth Product: 400kHz
• -3db Bandwidth: -
• Current - Input Bias: 30pA
• Voltage - Input Offset: 2µV
• Current - Supply: 18µA
• Current - Output / Channel: 26mA
• Voltage - Supply, Single/Dual (±): 1.8 V ~ 5.5 V, ±0.9 V ~ 2.75 V
• Operating Temperature: -40°C ~ 125°C
• Mounting Type: Surface Mount
• Package / Case: SC-74A, SOT-753
• Supplier Device Package: SOT-23-5

pacote: SC-74A, SOT-753

ISL28227FUZ-T7A

Renesas Electronics America

IC OPAMP GP 10MHZ 8MSOP

• Amplifier Type: General Purpose
• Number of Circuits: 2
• Output Type: -
• Slew Rate: 3.6 V/µs
• Gain Bandwidth Product: 10MHz
• -3db Bandwidth: -
• Current - Input Bias: 1nA
• Voltage - Input Offset: 10µV
• Current - Supply: 2.2mA
• Current - Output / Channel: 45mA
• Voltage - Supply, Single/Dual (±): 4.5 V ~ 40 V, ±2.25 V ~ 20 V
• Operating Temperature: -40°C ~ 125°C
• Mounting Type: Surface Mount
• Package / Case: 8-TSSOP, 8-MSOP (0.118", 3.00mm Width)
• Supplier Device Package: 8-MSOP

pacote: 8-TSSOP, 8-MSOP (0.118", 3.00mm Width)

UPD166104GS-E1-AZ

Renesas Electronics America

IC MCU

• Core Processor: -
• Core Size: -
• Speed: -
• Connectivity: -
• Peripherals: -
• Number of I/O: -
• Program Memory Size: -
• Program Memory Type: -
• EEPROM Size: -
• RAM Size: -
• Voltage - Supply (Vcc/Vdd): -
• Data Converters: -
• Oscillator Type: -
• Operating Temperature: -
• Mounting Type: -
• Package / Case: -
• Supplier Device Package: -

pacote: -

R5F101GEDFB#50

Renesas Electronics America

IC MCU 16BIT 48LFQFP

• Core Processor: RL78
• Core Size: 16-Bit
• Speed: 32MHz
• Connectivity: CSI, I²C, LINbus, UART/USART
• Peripherals: DMA, LVD, POR, PWM, WDT
• Number of I/O: 34
• Program Memory Size: 64KB (64K x 8)
• Program Memory Type: FLASH
• EEPROM Size: -
• RAM Size: 4K x 8
• Voltage - Supply (Vcc/Vdd): 1.6 V ~ 5.5 V
• Data Converters: A/D 10x8/10b
• Oscillator Type: Internal
• Operating Temperature: -40°C ~ 85°C (TA)
• Mounting Type: -
• Package / Case: 48-LQFP
• Supplier Device Package: 48-LFQFP (7x7)

pacote: 48-LQFP